Marco Franceschetti
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Franceschetti
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Marco
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marco.franceschetti@unisg.ch
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+41 71 224 2806

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  • Publication
    An Interactive Method for Detection of Process Activity Executions from IoT Data
    ( 2023-02)
    Seiger, Ronny orcid-logo
    ;
    Franceschetti, Marco orcid-logo
    ;
    Weber, Barbara orcid-logo
    The increasing number of IoT devices equipped with sensors and actuators pervading every domain of everyday life allows for improved automated monitoring and analysis of processes executed in IoT-enabled environments. While sophisticated analysis methods exist to detect specific types of activities from low-level IoT data, a general approach for detecting activity executions that are part of more complex business processes does not exist. Moreover, dedicated information systems to orchestrate or monitor process executions are not available in typical IoT environments. As a consequence, the large corpus of existing process analysis and mining techniques to check and improve process executions cannot be applied. In this work, we develop an interactive method guiding the analysis of low-level IoT data with the goal of detecting higher-level process activity executions. The method is derived following the exploratory data analysis of an IoT data set from a smart factory. We propose analysis steps, sensor-actuator-activity patterns, and the novel concept of activity signatures that are applicable in many IoT domains. The method shows to be valuable for the early stages of IoT data analyses to build a ground truth based on domain knowledge and decisions of the process analyst, which can be used for automated activity detection in later stages.
    Type: journal article
    Journal: Future Internet
    Volume: 15
    Issue: 2
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fi15020077
    URI: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/handle/20.500.14171/107773
  • Publication
    Type: conference paper
    Volume: 2028
    URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-64182-4_1
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-64182-4_1
    URI: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/handle/20.500.14171/120549
  • Publication
    Activity and Sequence Detection Evaluation Metrics: A Comprehensive Tool for Event Log Comparison
    (ceur-ws.org, 2024-09)
    Aaron Friedrich Kurz
    ;
    Ronny Seiger orcid-logo
    ;
    Marco Franceschetti orcid-logo
    ;
    Barbara Weber orcid-logo
    Nowadays, event logs are not only created by traditional information systems, but also new data sources such as the IoT are considered to derive and construct event logs. This makes it necessary to evaluate the quality of these detected event logs and their underlying detection methods by comparison with given ground truth logs. We present AquDeM, enabling the comparison of XES-based event logs to evaluate activity and sequence detection methods. AquDeM features 1) a Python library that allows for programmatic comparison of event logs featuring a comprehensive set of metrics, and 2) a web app for visual event log comparison.
    Type: conference contribution
    Journal: BPM 2024 Best Dissertation Award, Doctoral Consortium, and Demonstration & Resources Forum
    URL: https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3758/paper-13.pdf
    URI: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/handle/20.500.14171/120780
  • Publication
    Exploring the Cognitive Effects of Ambiguity in Process Models
    ( 2024)
    Marco Franceschetti orcid-logo
    ;
    Amine Abbad-Andaloussi orcid-logo
    ;
    Clemens Schreiber
    ;
    Hugo-andrés López
    ;
    Barbara Weber orcid-logo
    Ambiguity in business process models might lead to multiple alternative process interpretations by the readers. This plurality of interpretations causes undesirable situations such as misunderstandings, unclear responsibilities, and unexpected behaviors. However, to date, little attention has been given to how ambiguity affects the model readers. Here, we report on an eye-tracking study aimed at investigating the impact of different ambiguities (i.e., pragmatic, semantic, syntactic, and lexical) on readers' cognitive load, comprehension, and visual associations when reading process models. The results of this study show that these ambiguities yield a significant impact on cognitive load, comprehension, and visual associations. These results raise further attention toward the negative effects of ambiguity from a cognitive and behavioral perspective, and stimulate the development of novel tools supporting ambiguity detection in process models.
    Type: conference contribution
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70396-6_28
    URI: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/handle/20.500.14171/120828
  • Publication
    Advanced Temporal Control Structures for Business Process Modeling
    ( 2024)
    Marco Franceschetti orcid-logo
    ;
    Johann Eder
    Modeling time-constrained business processes is required in many domains but often challenging due to the difficulty of incorporating declarative temporal requirements in procedural process definitions. Here, we propose advanced temporal control structures based on highly expressive temporal conditions to give designers explicit control over the temporal behavior of a business process abstracting from low-level management of time aspects. These structures facilitate controlling executions to meet temporal requirements. We propose an approach for checking the temporal correctness of business processes featuring these structures in terms of dynamic controllability. The approach is based on the reduction to basic control structures and a further mapping to the CSTNUD, an expressive family of temporal constraint networks with established checking procedures.
    Type: conference contribution
    Journal: 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/10125/107108
    DOI: 10125/107108
    URI: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/handle/20.500.14171/120712
  • Publication
    Introducing Agile Controllability in Temporal Business Processes
    ( 2024)
    Roberto Posenato
    ;
    Marco Franceschetti orcid-logo
    ;
    Carlo Combi
    ;
    Johann Eder
    Dynamic controllability is currently regarded as the most adequate notion for checking the temporal correctness of business processes with temporal constraints when a process model includes uncontrollable activities whose duration is revealed at the time of activity completion. However, dynamic controllability cannot take advantage when an actual duration is revealed earlier, leading to unnecessary strict checks for temporal correctness. We propose a novel notion of agile controllability, which takes into account that uncontrollable durations are revealed earlier and that in a viable execution strategy, a time point may depend on time points whose value is known earlier. We formalize the notion of agile controllability and present an effective checking procedure evaluated by a software implementation within a publicly available modeling and checking software tool.
    Type: conference contribution
    Journal: International Conference on Business Process Modeling, Development and Support
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61007-3_8
    URI: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/handle/20.500.14171/120713
  • Publication
    Dynamic Controllability of Parameterized CSTNUs
    ( 2023-03)
    Marco Franceschetti orcid-logo
    ;
    Roberto Posenato
    ;
    Carlo Combi
    ;
    Johann Eder
    A Conditional Simple Temporal Network with Uncertainty (CSTNU) models temporal constraint satisfaction problems in which the environment sets uncontrollable timepoints and conditions. The executor observes and reacts to such uncontrollable assignments as time advances with the CSTNU execution. However, there exist scenarios in which the occurrence of some future timepoints must be fixed as soon as the execution starts. We call these timepoints parameters. For a correct execution, parameters must assume values that guarantee the possibility of satisfying all temporal constraints, whatever the environment decides the execution time for uncontrollable timepoints and the truth value of conditions, i.e., dynamic controllability (DC). Here, we formalize the extension of the CSTNU with parameters. Furthermore, we define a set of rules to check the DC of such extended CSTNU. These rules additionally solve the problem inverse to checking DC: computing restrictions on parameter values that yield DC guarantees. The proposed rules can be composed into a sound and complete procedure.
    Type: conference contribution
    Journal: Proceedings of the 38th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing
    DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577618
    URI: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/handle/20.500.14171/118146
    Scopus© Citations 1
  • Publication
    An Event-Centric Metamodel for IoT-Driven Process Monitoring and Conformance Checking
    ( 2023-09)
    Marco Franceschetti orcid-logo
    ;
    Ronny Seiger orcid-logo
    ;
    Barbara Weber orcid-logo
    Process monitoring and conformance checking analyze process events describing process executions. However, such events are not always available or in a form suitable for these analysis tasks, for example for manual processes and (semi-)automated processes whose executions are not controlled by a Process-Aware Information System. To bridge this gap, we propose to leverage Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for sensing low-level events and abstracting them into high-level process events to enable process monitoring and conformance checking. We propose an event-centric metamodel for monitoring and conformance checking systems that is agnostic with respect to process characteristics such as level of automation, system support, and modeling paradigm. We demonstrate the applicability of the metamodel by instantiating it for processes represented by different modeling paradigms.
    Type: conference contribution
    Journal: 21st International Conference on Business Process Management (BPM) Workshops
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-50974-2_11
    URI: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/handle/20.500.14171/117946
    Scopus© Citations 2
  • Publication
    A Characterisation of Ambiguity in BPM
    ( 2023)
    Marco Franceschetti orcid-logo
    ;
    Ronny Seiger orcid-logo
    ;
    Hugo A. Lopez
    ;
    Andrea Burattin
    ;
    Luciano Garcia Banuelos
    ;
    Barbara Weber orcid-logo
    Business Process Management is concerned with processrelated artefacts such as informal specifications, formal models, and event logs. Often, these process-related artefacts may be affected by ambiguity, which may lead to misunderstandings, modelling errors, non-conformance, and incorrect interpretations. To date, a comprehensive and systematic analysis of ambiguity in process-related artefacts is still missing. Here, following a systematic development process with strict adherence to established guidelines, we propose a taxonomy of ambiguity, identifying a set of concrete ambiguity types related to these process-related artefacts. The proposed taxonomy and ambiguity types help to detect the presence of ambiguity in process-related artefacts, paving the road for improved processes. We validate the taxonomy with external process experts.
    Type: conference contribution
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47262-6_15
    URI: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/handle/20.500.14171/118143
  • Publication
    ProAmbitIon: Online Process Conformance Checking with Ambiguities Driven by the Internet of Things
    (CEUR-WS.org, 2023-06)
    Marco Franceschetti orcid-logo
    ;
    Ronny Seiger orcid-logo
    ;
    Mauricio Jacobo González González
    ;
    Enrique Garcia-Ceja
    ;
    Luis Armando Rodríguez Flores
    ;
    Luciano García-Bañuelos
    ;
    Barbara Weber orcid-logo
    ;
    Jaime Font
    ;
    Lorena Arcega
    ;
    José-Fabián Reyes-Román
    ;
    Giovanni Giachetti
    The ongoing digitization of processes in everyday life shows great potential for process automation, analysis, and optimization. However, digital traces of processes in the physical world, especially those involving human interactions, are often incomplete. This limits the possibilities for an automated process monitoring and analysis. ProAmbitIon proposes to use the Internet of Things (IoT) to bridge the gap between physical world process executions and their digital traces. In this project we leverage software-controlled sensors and actuators to enable a fine-grained monitoring and contextualization of process activities. Digital traces of executed processes can be created from and enriched with IoT data, and used for conformance checking to detect deviations-even at runtime and without relying on a Business Process Management System (BPMS). In developing new approaches for IoT-driven process conformance checking, we also address the issue of potential ambiguities originating from 1) informal process descriptions and 2) the lack of process-related data in IoT data. The project is conducted using real-world scenarios from smart healthcare and smart manufacturing.
    Type: conference contribution
    Journal: CAiSE 2023
    Volume: Vol-3413
    URL: https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3413/paper8.pdf
    URI: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/handle/20.500.14171/117450