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PublicationA Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Entrepreneurs' Gender on their Access to Bank Finance( 2023)This meta-analysis of 31 studies over 20 years advances our understanding of the gender gap in entrepreneurial bank finance. Findings from previous research on the relationship between entrepreneurs' gender and bank financing are mixed, which suggests the need to pay particular attention to entrepreneurs' social context. In this study, we develop a model of how social gender norms explain variation in women entrepreneurs' (vis-à-vis men entrepreneurs') access to bank finance. Specifically, we theorize how women's formal (their nations' political ideologies) and informal (women's empowerment) social standing within their societies influence gender discrimination in entrepreneurial bank financing. Consistent with most previous studies, our baseline results show that women entrepreneurs' business loan applications are rejected to a greater extent than men entrepreneurs' loan applications. Women entrepreneurs also pay higher interest rates on loans than men entrepreneurs. Further, in societies dominated by a conservative (rather than a liberal) political ideology, the positive relationship between women entrepreneurs and loan interest rates is more positive. Interestingly, gender discrimination in loan rejection and interest rates is magnified in societies with greater women's empowerment. Taking a social gender-norm perspective, our analysis establishes a gender gap in entrepreneurial bank finance, and we outline an agenda for further research.
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Scopus© Citations 16 -
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PublicationFraming ideas for new venture resources acquisition in crises: An fsQCA analysis(Elsevier, 2022-02)How should new venture ideas be framed in order to acquire human resources and gain support in times of crisis characterized by struggling or failing institutions and governmental organizations? To answer this question, we analyze 316 new venture ideas aimed at alleviating the COVID-19 crisis in 11 countries. We investigate different linguistic framing configurations and test their persuasive power for human resource acquisition. Our fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and linguistic analysis reveal that a “common enemy framing” is crucial for obtaining resources in crisis contexts. Non-profit venture ideas, specifically, may acquire resources via two additional paths: adding positive emotional content or using an entrepreneurial hustle framing with concrete calls to action. Our findings provide novel insights into entrepreneurial resource acquisition and idea framing during crises.
