Barbara Weber
Title
Prof. Dr.
Last Name
Weber
First name
Barbara
Email
barbara.weber@unisg.ch
ORCID
Phone
+41 71 224 34 43
112 results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 112
- Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, What Questions Can I Ask? A Taxonomy and Question catalog for Process Mining Analysis Questions(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-10-24); ; ;Gentile, Victoria ;Resinas, ManuelAnalysts play a critical role in examining and interpreting data in process mining projects. However, specific goals for such projects are not always clearly stated nor translated into concrete analysis questions, hindering analysts to derive analysis results effectively. To address this issue, the authors in this work follow an established method for taxonomy design in information system research and propose a categorization schema for the key components of process mining analysis questions. The authors collect a diverse set of such questions by conducting a review of analysis reports and a survey with practitioners and by gathering input from a tool vendor. The resulting taxonomy classifies analysis questions along six dimensions: Use case, perspective, primary goal, cognitive step, context, and data level, each with distinct categories and sub-categories. Additionally, the categorized set of the 405 collected analysis questions forms a question catalog. The taxonomy and question catalog are evaluated through interviews, illustrative scenarios, a case study with two organizations that applied them for question design, and a survey with students. The evaluations confirm the applicability of the taxonomy for question categorization and question design. Both contributions empower users to effectively describe, compare, and assess analysis questions and design new questions.Type:journal articleJournal:Business & Information Systems Engineering - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Process Model Complexity Metrics, Cognitive Load and Visual Behavior: A Multi-granular Eye-Tracking Analysis(Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025-06-14); ; ;Kindler, EkkartComplexity metrics are widely used to estimate the difficulty of understanding process models. However, the relationship between these metrics and the concept of cognitive load, which captures the difficulty experienced by users, is not fully understood in the process modeling literature. In neighboring fields like Software Engineering, researchers could only to a limited degree establish a relationship between complexity metrics and users' cognitive load. To investigate the extent to which such a relationship exists in the process modeling field, we conduct an eye-tracking experiment that assesses how a suite of metrics, capturing both the essential complexity inherent to the process specifications and the accidental complexity emerging from the model layout, aligns with users' cognitive load during model comprehension tasks. Our findings show that the used metrics suite aligns well with users' cognitive load. Moreover, our analysis of users' behavior suggests that different levels of model complexity yield distinct visual behaviors. The implications of our work extend to both practice and research, validating a comprehensive suite of complexity metrics and delivering a multi-granular approach that can be reproduced in other experiments to enable the analysis of users' cognitive load and behavior on simple but also complex models.Type:journal articleJournal:Lecture Notes in Business Information ProcessingVolume:558Scopus© Citations 2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Process science: the interdisciplinary study of socio-technical change(2024) ;Brocke, Jan vom ;van der Aalst, Wil M. P. ;Nicholas Berente ;Boudewijn Van DongenProcess science is the interdisciplinary study of socio-technical processes. Socio-technical processes involve coherent series of changes over time, entailing actions and events that include humans and digital technologies. The ubiquitous availability of digital trace data, combined with advanced data analytics capabilities, offer new and unprecedented opportunities to study such processes through multiple data sources. Process science is concerned with describing, explaining, and intervening in socio-technical change. It is based on four key principles; it (1) puts socio-technical processes at the center of attention, (2) investigates socio-technical processes scientifically, (3) embraces perspectives of multiple disciplines, and (4) aims to create impact by actively shaping the unfolding of socio-technical processes.Type:journal articleJournal:Process ScienceVolume:2Issue:1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, On the cognitive and behavioral effects of abstraction and fragmentation in modularized process modelsProcess model comprehension is essential for a variety of technical and managerial tasks. To facilitate comprehension, process models are often divided into subprocesses when they reach a certain size. However, depending on the task type this can either support or impede comprehension. To investigate this hypothesis, we conduct a comprehensive eye-tracking study, where we test two different types of comprehension tasks. These are local tasks focusing on a single subprocess, thereby benefiting from abstraction (i.e., irrelevant information is hidden), and global tasks comprising multiple subprocesses, thereby also benefiting from abstraction but impeded by fragmentation (i.e., relevant information is distributed across multiple fragments). Our subsequent analysis at task (coarse-grained) and phase (fine-grained) levels confirms the opposing effects of abstraction and fragmentation. For global tasks, we observe lower task comprehension, higher cognitive load, as well as more complex search and inference behaviors, when compared to local ones. An additional qualitative analysis of search and inference phases, based on process maps and time series, provides additional insights into the evolution of information processing and confirms the differences between the two task types. The fine-grained analysis at the phase level is based on a novel research method, allowing to clearly separate information search from information inference. We provide an extensive validation of this research method. The outcome of this work provides a more thorough understanding of the effects of fragmentation, in the context of modularized process models, at a coarse-grained level as well as at a fine-grained level, allowing for the development of task- and user-centric support, and opening up future research opportunities to further investigate information processing during process comprehension.Type:journal articleJournal:Information SystemsVolume:125Scopus© Citations 12 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Process science: the interdisciplinary study of socio-technical change(2024) ;Jan vom Brocke ;Wil M. P. van der Aalst ;Nicholas Berente ;Boudewijn van DongenProcess science is the interdisciplinary study of socio-technical processes. Socio-technical processes involve coherent series of changes over time, entailing actions and events that include humans and digital technologies. The ubiquitous availability of digital trace data, combined with advanced data analytics capabilities, offer new and unprecedented opportunities to study such processes through multiple data sources. Process science is concerned with describing, explaining, and intervening in socio-technical change. It is based on four key principles; it (1) puts socio-technical processes at the center of attention, (2) investigates socio-technical processes scientifically, (3) embraces perspectives of multiple disciplines, and (4) aims to create impact by actively shaping the unfolding of socio-technical processes.Type:journal articleJournal:Process ScienceVolume:2Issue:1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Guiding attention in flow-based conceptual models through consistent flow and pattern visibilityA critical part of flow-based conceptual modeling, such as process modeling, is visualizing the logical and temporal sequence in which activities in a process should be completed. While there are established standards and recommendations, there is limited empirical research examining the influence of process model layout on model comprehension. To address this research gap, we conducted a controlled eye-tracking experiment with 70 participants comparing different layouts. The experimental results confirm that the visibility of control flow patterns is critical for assisting users with visual processing, particularly attentional allocation, when comprehending process models for both local comprehension tasks and tasks requiring cognitive integration of model components. In models with more directional changes, users’ visual attention is more drawn to irrelevant regions, but comprehension is less affected as long as patterns remain visible. Our findings not only elucidate how cognitive fit between a visual representation and a task can manifest itself and the perceptual benefits it brings, but they can also guide the automated layout of models in tools and complement practical process modeling guidelines.Type:journal articleJournal:Decision Support SystemsVolume:185 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Complexity in declarative process models: Metrics and multi-modal assessment of cognitive load(2023); ;Andrea Burattin ;Tijs Slaats ;Ekkart KindlerComplex process models can hinder the comprehension of the underlying business processes. While several metrics have been suggested in the literature to evaluate the complexity of imperative process models, little is known about their declarative counterparts. In this paper, we address this gap through a suite of metrics that we propose to capture the complexity of declarative process models. Following this, we empirically investigate the impact of complexity, as measured by the suggested metrics, on users’ cognitive load when comprehending declarative process models. Therein, we use a multi-modal approach including eye-tracking and electrodermal activity. The findings of the empirical study provide evidence about the cognitive load emerging as a result of increased model complexity. Overall, the outcome of this paper presents empirically validated metrics to evaluate the complexity of declarative process models. Implementing these metrics and incorporating them in intelligent modeling tools would help assessing the complexity of declarative process models before being deployed. Furthermore, our empirical approach can be adopted by researchers in upcoming empirical studies to provide a multi-perspective assessment of users’ cognitive load when engaging with process models.Type:journal articleJournal:Expert Systems with ApplicationsVolume:233Scopus© Citations 34 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Conducting eye-tracking studies on large and interactive process models using EyeMind(2023); ;Daniel LübkeThe understandability of process models has been subject to extensive research in which eye-tracking has demonstrated great capability to deliver meaningful insights. However, the full potential of this technology is not fully exploited due to the complexity of using dynamic stimuli in experiments (i.e., large and interactive process models) and the common use of static stimuli (i.e., small non-interactive models) as a cheap alternative limiting the ecological validity of the used experimental setting and the generalizability of the results. This paper presents EyeMind, a solution to overcome this limitation by supporting the whole experimental workflow using dynamic stimuli and offering a comprehensive analysis toolkit of eye-tracking data. All these features facilitate experiments on large and interactive process models as well as the extraction of meaningful insights.Type:journal articleJournal:SoftwareXVolume:24Scopus© Citations 16 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The biggest business process management problems to solve before we die(Elsevier, 2023-01) ;Beerepoot, Iris ;Ciccio, Claudio Di ;Reijers, Hajo A. ;Rinderle-Ma, StefanieBandara, WasanaIt may be tempting for researchers to stick to incremental extensions of their current work to plan future research activities. Yet there is also merit in realizing the grand challenges in one’s field. This paper presents an overview of the nine major research problems for the Business Process Management discipline. These challenges have been collected by an open call to the community, discussed and refined in a workshop setting, and described here in detail, including a motivation why these problems are worth investigating. This overview may serve the purpose of inspiring both novice and advanced scholars who are interested in the radical new ideas for the analysis, design, and management of work processes using information technology.Type:journal articleJournal:Computers in IndustryVolume:146Scopus© Citations 161 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Digital twins of organization: implications for organization design(2023) ;Kalle Lyytinen; ;Markus C. BeckerBrian T. PentlandThe recent rise of using digital representations for products and processes has created a movement to use ‘digital twins’ for organization design. We provide an overview of the notion of digital twin as a synchronized, real-time two-way interacting digital representation of the real-world phenomenon it is expected to replicate as a twin. The claim of a two-way causal connection between the real-world and the digital representation makes the current rhetoric about Digital Twins especially problematic. To grasp the challenges involved in Digital Twins of Organizations (DTO), we start from Digital Twins of Things (DTT) and Digital Twins of Business Processes (DTBP). We analyze and compare different kinds of digital twins using Peircean theory of semiotic relationships, which differentiate between signals, icons, and symbols. We posit that in order to fully model organizations as digital twins, an organization designer needs to model features of organizations that are not present in DTTs and DTBPs, such as agency, conflict, and emergence. Given the inevitable presence of symbolic phenomena, we speculate to what extent it is possible to move towards full DTOs, what characteristics broader DTOs need to have, and what benefits more extensive use of DTOs will offer for organization designers. We finally offer pointers towards a research agenda for DTOs that have the potential to improve organization designs and contribute to theory on organization design.Type:journal articleJournal:Journal of Organization DesignScopus© Citations 27