Konstantin Schürholt
Last Name
Schürholt
First name
Konstantin
Email
konstantin.schuerholt@unisg.ch
Phone
+41 71 224 34 54
9 results
Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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Item type:Publication, A Model Zoo on Phase Transitions in Neural Networks(2025-09-29); ; ;Zhou, Yefan ;Lu, HaiquanYang, YaoqingUsing the weights of trained Neural Network (NN) models as data modality has recently gained traction as a research field-dubbed Weight Space Learning (WSL). Multiple recent works propose WSL methods to analyze models, evaluate methods, or synthesize weights. Weight space learning methods require populations of trained models as datasets for development and evaluation. However, existing collections of models-called 'model zoos'-are unstructured or follow a rudimentary definition of diversity. In parallel, work rooted in statistical physics has identified phases and phase transitions in NN models. Models are homogeneous within the same phase but qualitatively differ from one phase to another. We combine the idea of 'model zoos' with phase information to create a controlled notion of diversity in populations. We introduce 12 large-scale zoos that systematically cover known phases and vary over model architecture, size, and datasets. These datasets cover different modalities, such as computer vision, natural language processing, and scientific ML. For every model, we compute loss landscape metrics and validate full coverage of the phases. With this dataset, we provide the community with a resource with a wide range of potential applications for WSL and beyond. Evidence suggests the loss landscape phase plays a role in applications such as model training, analysis, or sparsification. We demonstrate this in an exploratory study of the downstream methods like transfer learning or model weights averaging.Type:journal articleJournal:Journal of Data-centric Machine Learning ResearchVolume:2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Towards Scalable and Versatile Weight Space LearningLearning representations of well-trained neural network models holds the promise to provide an understanding of the inner workings of those models. However, previous work has either faced limitations when processing larger networks or was task-specific to either discriminative or generative tasks. This paper introduces the SANE approach to weight-space learning. SANE overcomes previous limitations by learning task-agnostic representations of neural networks that are scalable to larger models of varying architectures and that show capabilities beyond a single task. Our method extends the idea of hyper-representations towards sequential processing of subsets of neural network weights, thus allowing one to embed larger neural networks as a set of tokens into the learned representation space. SANE reveals global model information from layer-wise embeddings, and it can sequentially generate unseen neural network models, which was unattainable with previous hyper-representation learning methods. Extensive empirical evaluation demonstrates that SANE matches or exceeds state-of-the art performance on several weight representation learning benchmarks, particularly in initialization for new tasks and larger ResNet architectures.Type:conference paperVolume:Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning, Vienna, Austria. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Sparsified Model Zoo Twins: Investigating Populations of Sparsified Neural Network Models(2023) ;Honegger, Dominik; With growing size of Neural Networks (NNs), model sparsification to reduce the computational cost and memory demand for model inference has become of vital interest for both research and production. While many sparsification methods have been proposed and successfully applied on individual models, to the best of our knowledge their behavior and robustness has not yet been studied on large populations of models. With this paper, we address that gap by applying two popular sparsification methods on populations of models (so called model zoos) to create sparsified versions of the original zoos. We investigate the performance of these two methods for each zoo, compare sparsification layer-wise, and analyse agreement between original and sparsified populations. We find both methods to be very robust with magnitude pruning able outperform variational dropout with the exception of high sparsification ratios above 80%. Further, we find sparsified models agree to a high degree with their original non-sparsified counterpart, and that the performance of original and sparsified model is highly correlated. Finally, all models of the model zoos and their sparsified model twins are publicly available: modelzoos.cc.Type:conference paperJournal:ICLR 2023 Workshop on Sparsity in Neural Networks - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Hyper-Representations for Pre-Training and Transfer Learning(2022); ;Knyazev, Boris ;Giro-i-Nieto, XavierType:conference paper - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Hyper-Representations as Generative Models: Sampling Unseen Neural Network Weights(Curran Associates, Inc., 2022-11); ;Knyazev, Boris ;Giro-i-Nieto, XavierLearning representations of neural network weights given a model zoo is an emerg- ing and challenging area with many potential applications from model inspection, to neural architecture search or knowledge distillation. Recently, an autoencoder trained on a model zoo was able to learn a hyper-representation, which captures intrinsic and extrinsic properties of the models in the zoo. In this work, we ex- tend hyper-representations for generative use to sample new model weights. We propose layer-wise loss normalization which we demonstrate is key to generate high-performing models and several sampling methods based on the topology of hyper-representations. The models generated using our methods are diverse, per- formant and capable to outperform strong baselines as evaluated on several down- stream tasks: initialization, ensemble sampling and transfer learning. Our results indicate the potential of knowledge aggregation from model zoos to new models via hyper-representations thereby paving the avenue for novel research directions.Type:conference paperVolume:35 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Model Zoos: A Dataset of Diverse Populations of Neural Network Models(36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS 2022) Track on Datasets and Benchmarks., 2022-11); ;Taskiran, Diyar ;Knyazev, Boris ;Giro-i-Nieto, XavierIn the last years, neural networks (NN) have evolved from laboratory environments to the state-of-the-art for many real-world problems. It was shown that NN models (i.e., their weights and biases) evolve on unique trajectories in weight space during training. Following, a population of such neural network models (referred to as model zoo) would form structures in weight space. We think that the geometry, curvature and smoothness of these structures contain information about the state of training and can reveal latent properties of individual models. With such model zoos, one could investigate novel approaches for (i) model analysis, (ii) discover unknown learning dynamics, (iii) learn rich representations of such populations, or (iv) exploit the model zoos for generative modelling of NN weights and biases. Unfortunately, the lack of standardized model zoos and available benchmarks significantly increases the friction for further research about populations of NNs. With this work, we publish a novel dataset of model zoos containing systematically generated and diverse populations of NN models for further research. In total the proposed model zoo dataset is based on eight image datasets, consists of 27 model zoos trained with varying hyperparameter combinations and includes 50’360 unique NN models as well as their sparsified twins, resulting in over 3’844’360 collected model states. Additionally, to the model zoo data we provide an in-depth analysis of the zoos and provide benchmarks for multiple downstream tasks. The dataset can be found at www.modelzoos.cc.Type:conference paper - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Self-Supervised Representation Learning on Neural Network Weights for Model Characteristic Prediction(Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2021-11-09); ;Kostadinov, DimcheSelf-Supervised Learning (SSL) has been shown to learn useful and information- preserving representations. Neural Networks (NNs) are widely applied, yet their weight space is still not fully understood. Therefore, we propose to use SSL to learn neural representations of the weights of populations of NNs. To that end, we introduce domain specific data augmentations and an adapted attention architecture. Our empirical evaluation demonstrates that self-supervised representation learning in this domain is able to recover diverse NN model characteristics. Further, we show that the proposed learned representations outperform prior work for predicting hyper-parameters, test accuracy, and generalization gap as well as transfer to out-of-distribution settings.Type:conference paperVolume:35 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Impact of Model Zoo Size and Composition on Weight Space Learning(2025-04-14); ; Re-using trained neural network models is a common strategy to reduce training cost and transfer knowledge. Weight space learning - using the weights of trained models as data modality - is a promising new field to re-use populations of pre-trained models for future tasks. Approaches in this field have demonstrated high performance both on model analysis and weight generation tasks. However, until now their learning setup requires homogeneous model zoos where all models share the same exact architecture, limiting their capability to generalize beyond the population of models they saw during training. In this work, we remove this constraint and propose a modification to a common weight space learning method to accommodate training on heterogeneous populations of models. We further investigate the resulting impact of model diversity on generating unseen neural network model weights for zero-shot knowledge transfer. Our extensive experimental evaluation shows that including models with varying underlying image datasets has a high impact on performance and generalization, for both in- and out of-distribution settings. Code is available on github.com/HSG-AIML/MultiZoo-SANE.Type:conference contributionJournal:ICLR Workshop on Neural Network Weights as a New Data Modality - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, A Model Zoo of Vision Transformers(2025-04-14); ; ;Florence Pfammatter; The availability of large, structured populations of neural networks-called "model zoos"-has led to the development of a multitude of downstream tasks ranging from model analysis, to representation learning on model weights or generative modeling of neural network parameters. However, existing model zoos are limited in size and architecture and neglect the transformer, which is among the currently most successful neural network architectures. We address this gap by introducing the first model zoo of vision transformers (ViT). To better represent recent training approaches, we develop a new blueprint for model zoo generation that encompasses both pre-training and fine-tuning steps, and publish 250 unique models. They are carefully generated with a large span of generating factors, and their diversity is validated using a thorough choice of weight-space and behavioral metrics. To further motivate the utility of our proposed dataset, we suggest multiple possible applications grounded in both extensive exploratory experiments and a number of examples from the existing literature. By extending previous lines of similar work, our model zoo allows researchers to push their model populationbased methods from the small model regime to state-of-the-art architectures. We make our model zoo available at github.com/ModelZoos/ViTModelZoo.Type:conference contributionJournal:ICLR Workshop on Neural Network Weights as a New Data Modality