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Jan Marco Leimeister
Title
Prof. Dr.
Last Name
Leimeister
First name
Jan Marco
Email
janmarco.leimeister@unisg.ch
Phone
+41 71 224 3330
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1 - 10 of 11
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PublicationThe Nature of Crowd Work and its Effects on Individuals’ Work PerceptionCrowd work reflects a new form of gainful employment on the Internet. We study how the nature of the tasks being performed and financial compensation jointly shape work perceptions of crowdworkers in order to better understand the changing modes and patterns of digital work. Surveying individuals on 23 German crowd working platforms, this work is the first to add a multi-platform perspective on perceived working conditions in crowd work. We show that crowd workers need rather high levels of financial compensation before task characteristics become relevant for shaping favorable perceptions of working conditions. We explain these results by considering financial compensation as an informational cue indicating the appreciation of working effort that is internalized by well-paid crowd workers. Resulting boundary conditions for task design are discussed. These results help us understand when and under what conditions crowd work can be regarded as a fulfilling type of employment in highly developed countries.Type: journal articleJournal: Journal of Management Information Systems (JMIS)Volume: 37Issue: 1
Scopus© Citations 58 -
PublicationType: journal articleJournal: Business & Information Systems Engineering (BISE)Volume: 58Issue: 4
Scopus© Citations 76 -
PublicationThe Rise of Crowd Aggregators - How Individual Workers Restructure Their Own Crowd( 2017-02-12)
;Durward, DavidCrowd work has emerged as a new form of digital gainful employment whose nature is still a black box. In this paper, we focus on the crowd workers – a perspective that has been largely neglected by research. We report results from crowd worker interviews on two different platforms. Our findings illustrate that crowd aggregators as new players restructure the nature of crowd work sustainably with different effects on the behavior as well as the existing relationships of crowd workers. We contribute to prior research by developing a theoretical framework based on value chain and work aggregation theories which are applicable in this new form of digital labor. For practice, our results provide initial insights that need to be taken into account as part of the ongoing discussion on fair and decent conditions in crowd work.Type: conference paper -
PublicationIs There PAPA in Crowd Work? : A Literature Review on Ethical Dimensions in CrowdsourcingThe phenomenon of crowdsourcing has emerged as a new pattern of digitally mediated collaboration. This novel socio-technical arrangement changes the organization of work as well as its general nature and takes place in information systems (IS) in which humans face many threats to their dignity. For this reason, the importance of ethical issues within this new form of employment arises. Hence, in this paper we focus on the ethical issues in crowd work – a perspective that has been largely neglected by current crowdsourcing research. We analyze recent crowdsourcing literature and extract ethical issues by following the PAPA (privacy, accuracy, property and accessibility of information) concept, a well-established approach in IS. The review focuses on the individual perspective of crowdworkers, which addresses their working conditions and benefits. Although, the literature review exhibits that there are PAPA dimensions in crowdsourcing, only few focus on the crowdworkers as individuals. Our findings contribute to further research in crowdsourcing by introducing an ethical framework and give practical insight into how to design sustainable and ethical crowd work.Type: conference paper
Scopus© Citations 16 -
PublicationRags to Riches - How signaling behaviour causes a power shift in crowdsourcing marketsCrowdsourcing has emerged as new form of digital work organization. This novel socio-technical ar-rangement changes the organization of work as well as its general nature. In this paper, we focus on the crowdworkers – a perspective that has been largely neglected by crowdsourcing research. We re-port results from crowdworker-interviews on two different platforms. Our research shows that quality signals of crowdworkers increase the bargaining power towards their principals, i.e. the crowdsourcers. As a result, the crowdworkers can reach a turning point of critical bargaining power at which the distribution of power shifts in their favor. We contribute to the literature by unraveling signaling behavior as mechanism influencing bargaining power and thus success in crowdsourcing. Beyond, we develop a theoretical model that indicates a shift in bargaining power over time and im-proves our understanding of crowdsourcing as novel way of organizing digital work. For practice, our results provide guidelines for crowdworkers how to improve their position in bargaining in relation to the crowdsourcer.Type: conference paper
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PublicationAn Empirical Taxonomy of Crowdsourcing Intermediaries(Academy of Management, 2016)
;Durward, David ;Zogaj, ShkodranCrowdsourcing has drawn much attention from researchers in the past. Thus, there are already attempts to conceptualize and classify the phenomenon. All of the existing work has their merits; however they lack an overviewing perspective or meta-characteristic. They are conceptual in nature, lack theoretical grounding, and – most importantly – are not empirically validated. Hence, we develop an empirical taxonomy of crowdsourcing intermediaries embedded in the theory of two-sided markets. Collecting data from 100 intermediaries and performing cluster analysis, we identify five archetypes of crowdsourcing intermediaries: Micro-tasking, knowledge work, design competition, testing and validation as well as innovation. The taxonomy establishes a systematic and comprehensive overview of crowdsourcing intermediaries and thereby provides a better understanding of the basic types of crowdsourcing and its core functions. For practice, we provide decision support for crowdsourcers as well as crowdsourcees on which platform to be active on.Type: conference paper -
PublicationCrowdsourcing in Software Development: A State-of-the-Art Analysis( 2015-06-07)
;Durward, DavidAs software development cycles become shorter and shorter, while software complexity in-creases and IT budgets stagnate, many companies are looking for new ways of acquiring and sourcing knowledge outside their boundaries. One promising solution to aggregate know-how and manage large distributed teams in software development is crowdsourcing. This paper analyzes the existing body of knowledge regarding crowdsourcing in software development. As a result, we propose a fundamental framework with five dimensions to structure the existing insights of crowdsourcing in the context of software development and to derive a research agenda to guide further research. -
PublicationSystematisierung und Analyse von Crowdsourcing-Anbietern und Crowd-Work-Projekten(Hans-Böckler-Stiftung, 2016-05)
;Zogaj, Shkodran ;Durward, DavidType: bookVolume: Band 324 -
PublicationPrincipal Forms of Crowdsourcing and Crowd Work(FEPS - Foundation for European Progressive Studies, 2016)
;Durward, David ;Wobbe, Werner ;Bova, ElvaDragomirescu-Gaina, CatalinIn recent years, companies have been getting access to larger pools of workers, and the phenomenon of crowdsourcing has emerged as a new pattern of digitally mediated collaboration. In parallel, an ongoing digitalisation has been accelerating the division of labour through hyperspecialisation and giving rise to new forms of work, for example crowd work. This paper illustrates the differences between crowdsourcing as an alternative concept of organizing, and crowd work as a new form of digital gainful work. The variety of crowdsourcing applications on the one hand, and the different forms of crowd work on the other, will be introduced. In summary, more and more individuals decide to work online in the crowd, and those crowds consist of people of any social strata, age or location. Hence, with the rise of crowd work, several opportunities and risks for all of these participants can be observed and need to be addressed.Type: book section -
PublicationType: book sectionVolume: 1. Aufl.